11,817 research outputs found
Capacity constraints and the prospects for external adjustment and economic growth: 1989-90
Manufactures ; Exports ; Balance of trade
Life Beyond the Mailbox: A Cross-Tool Perspective on Personal Information Management
Email interfaces provide poor support for the personal
information management (PIM) activities that users have
adopted them for. This paper reports a user study that
highlights how two aspects of PIM, information
management and task management, cut across a range of
tools, including email. We argue that effective support for
such cross-tool activities cannot be provided through a
focus on one interface such as email alone. Instead, a cross-tool approach is needed in PIM-related research and design. We present a prototype aimed at improving cross-tool support for information management, and report the results from an initial evaluation
Primary connections in a provincial Queensland school system: relationships to science teaching self-efficacy and practices
The teaching of science is important, both to meet the need for future workers in fields requiring scientific capability and to equip students for full participation in modern societies where many decisions depend upon knowledge of science. However, many teachers in Australian primary schools do not allocate science education sufficient amounts of time to achieve these outcomes. This study reports data obtained from 216 teachers in the primary schools in a provincial Australian school system. The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of existing strategies using Primary Connections for promoting science teaching and to inform future professional development strategies. Teachers reported moderate levels of self-efficacy for teaching science and a proportion reported allocating little or no time to teaching science. Both self-efficacy for science teaching and the amount of science taught were higher for teachers who had used Primary Connections curriculum materials
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Social Capital: A review from an ethics perspective
In this paper we extend previous reviews of the social capital literature to encompass an ethics perspective. First, we update previous reviews of social capital. Social capital continues to gain currency in both academic and practical circles, despite relatively little critical reflection on the implications of promoting this popular concept. Our work goes some way to rectifying this paucity in understanding what has been termed the ādark sideā of social capital. In particular, we review the social capital concept from the perspective of three theories of business ethics: utilitarianism, justice and ethic of care. While the utilitarian perspective closely parallels accounts of social capitalās rationale, the conceptās operation is mirrored very closely by the assumptions underpinning the ethic of care, while the dark side of social capital is commonly given voice in justice-based critiques. We conclude by considering the implications of our analysis
Domestic open market operations during 2000
Open market operations ; Monetary policy ; Federal Open Market Committee
Highlights of domestic open market operations during 1998
The Trading Desk at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York uses open market operations to implement the policy directives of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). The FOMC expresses its short-term objective for open market operations as a target level for the federal funds rate--the interest rate at which depository institutions lend balances at the Federal Reserve to other depository institutions. To keep the federal funds rate near the level specified by the FOMC, the Desk uses open market operations to bring the supply of balances at the Federal Reserve into line with the demand for them. In 1998, the level of balances that depository institutions were required to hold at the Federal Reserve continued to decline, to historic lows. The primary reason for this was the ongoing proliferation of retail "sweep" programs, which transfer depositors' funds from transaction accounts that are subject to reserve requirements into other deposit accounts that are not. In past years, declines in required balances had been associated with greater volatility in the federal funds rate because depository institutions have less flexibility in managing their daily balance positions. However, through the first three quarters of 1998, the funds rate behaved much as it had in 1997, even though required balances were lower. In the final quarter of 1998, funds rate volatility rose when market participants evinced greater concerns about the credit quality of their counterparties at a time of increased uncertainty in financial markets.Open market operations ; Monetary policy ; Federal funds market (United States)
Application of intersatellite links to domestic satellite systems
The results of a study on intersatellite link (ISL) applications for domestic satellite communications are presented. It was determined if any technical, economic, or performance benefits could be gained by introducing intersatellite links into a domestic satellite communication network. Several key systems issues of domestic ISL's are addressed. These include the effect of a skewed traffic distribution on the selection of ISL satellite orbit locations, tolerable satellite spacing, and crosslink traffic-handling requirements. An ISL technology assessment is made by performing a parametric link analysis for several microwave and optical implementations. The impact of the crosslink on the end-to-end link performance is investigated for both regenerative and nonregenerative ISL architectures. A comparison is made between single satellite systems operating at C-, and Ku-bands and the corresponding ISL systems in terms of ground segment cost, space segment cost, and net link performance. Results indicate that ISL's can effectively expand the CONUS orbital arc, with a 60 GHz ISL implementation being the most attractive
DMSP F7 observations of a substorm fieldāaligned current
In this paper we present observations of a substorm field-aligned current (FAC) system that DMSP F7 traversed just after 0300 UT on April 25, 1985. Ground magnetometer data show that a major substorm was in progress at that time and that DMSP F7 flew through a region of predominantly upward FAC. The DMSP F7 magnetic field data are consistent with this interpretation. The precipitating particle data suggest that there were three distinct large-scale FAC systems. In ascending latitude these were a downward current, an upward current, and a paired upward/downward current system. We identify the first current, which was coincident with the diffuse aurora, as region 2. The next (upward) FAC was coincident with a spatially unstructured region of energetic (ā¼12 keV) electron precipitation. This was the substorm-associated FAC that made up part of the current wedge. The upward/downward current pair was coincident with a region of highly structured precipitation. We suggest that these currents may have been the duskside region 1 and, poleward of that, the extension of the dawnside region 1. The particle data show that the upward substorm current lay well equatorward of the boundary between open and closed field lines. In fact, using a model field, the equatorward boundary of the substorm FAC maps to the neutral sheet at 6.9 RE. While one should be cautious in stressing results obtained by mapping model field lines, our result is consistent with scenarios for substorms which postulate a disruption and diversion of the near-Earth cross-tail current
Analysis of a Helmholtz preconditioning problem motivated by uncertainty quantification
This paper analyses the following question: let , be
the Galerkin matrices corresponding to finite-element discretisations of the
exterior Dirichlet problem for the heterogeneous Helmholtz equations
. How small must and be (in terms of -dependence) for
GMRES applied to either or
to converge in a -independent number of
iterations for arbitrarily large ? (In other words, for to be
a good left- or right-preconditioner for ?). We prove results
answering this question, give theoretical evidence for their sharpness, and
give numerical experiments supporting the estimates.
Our motivation for tackling this question comes from calculating quantities
of interest for the Helmholtz equation with random coefficients and .
Such a calculation may require the solution of many deterministic Helmholtz
problems, each with different and , and the answer to the question above
dictates to what extent a previously-calculated inverse of one of the Galerkin
matrices can be used as a preconditioner for other Galerkin matrices
Critical Digital Pedagogies in Modern Languages ā a Tutorial Collection
This introduction sets out the context for this special collection of self-learning online tutorials exploring critical pedagogies in Modern Languages. Previous research has demonstrated that, while some areas within the Modern Languages (such as language pedagogy) have a long history of engagement with digital mediation through approaches such as CALL, MALL and TELL, broader experience with digital culture and technology within the field is characterised by uncertainty, scepticism and sometimes anxiety. This is particularly apparent in the area of digital literacy acquisition ā a survey we carried out in 2019 demonstrated significant interest in acquiring digital literacies appropriate to Modern Languages education and research, but also doubts about which literacies needed to be acquired and how to acquire them.
This collection consists of practical and open educational resources for use in the Modern Languages, but it also represents an interrogation of the affordances and limitations generated by digital mediation. In this introduction we highlight some of the challenges that the collection had to overcome, and in so doing, we hope to foster wider discussion about how digital learning resources can be better integrated into Modern Languages education and research across languages, across educational levels and across digital platforms
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